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This book examines Victorian sensationalism through the exploration of popular literary representations of Roman Catholicism, that exotic, corrupt religious Other which is inscribed as the implacable anti-English enemy. It demonstrates how new understandings of cultural tensions of the period are gained through the association of Roman Catholicism with secular fears of crime, sex and violence, rather than with theological ‘excesses’ and doctrinal ‘superstitions’.

This is the first book to explore Irish women’s novels and the representation of Paris, which draws these writers into a recognizably European literary tradition. By reasserting the centrality of Paris, this book draws connections between Irish women writers and European writers, forging new points of contact between Irish literature and canonical figures like Goethe, Balzac, and Zola through the shared interest in the socio-economic development of modernity. The European Metropolis not only expands the map of Irish Studies, but also to expand the canon of and the critical framework in which scholars situate these novels. Moreover, this book expands our critical understanding of the urban and female spheres of the modern metropolis.

The poet John Keats trained as a surgeon at Guy’s Hospital, London while simultaneously making his way as a poet. This book focuses attention on an important but hitherto neglected manuscript: the notebook Keats maintained during this time, with the premise that in Keats’ medical Notebook exists a manuscript revealing both the true depth of the poet’s medical knowledge and the significant influence this exercised on his poetry. Reconstructing the lively medical world that played a formative role in Keats’ intellectual and imaginative development, this book explores the intriguing connections between Keats’ medical knowledge and his greatest poetry. It reveals that Keats’ two careers proved mutually enabling and enriching, with their co-existence contributing greatly to his success in both. Opening with a fully annotated edition of Keats’ medical Notebook newly transcribed from the manuscript, the book offers chapters on the provenance of Keats’ medical Notebook; the ‘hospital poems’ he wrote at Guy’s; the medical milieu of Keats’ daily life; his methods of working as revealed by his medical Notebook and other archival sources; and the medical contexts that informed his composition of Endymion and his 1820 volume, Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St Agnes, and Other Poems. It shows how the visceral knowledge of human life that Keats gained at Guy’s Hospital transformed him into the ‘mighty poet of the human heart’, with new research recovering the many ways in which Keats’ creativity found expression in both his careers.

Prominent citizens in nineteenth-century England believed themselves to be living in a time of unstoppable progress. Yet running just beneath Victorian triumphalism were strong undercurrents of chaos and uncertainty. This book plumbs the depths of those currents in order to present an alternative history of nineteenth-century society. Mining literary and philosophical works of the period, it explores the crisis of identity that beset nineteenth-century thinkers and how that crisis revealed itself in portrayals of addiction, split personalities, and religious mania. Victorian England will never look the same.

This book explores how the energy of belief came to manifest itself in nineteenth–century literature. This manifestation was evident as much in expressions of newly formed personal relations to ideas, as in the appropriation of religious discourse in writing of the period. By re–visioning the place of belief in nineteenth–century writing this collection provides forays into current thinking, both on the position occupied by belief within nineteenth–century literary studies, and within contemporary culture itself.

In the 1880s and 1890s, Walter Besant was one of Britain’s most lionized living novelists. Like many popular writers of the period, Besant suffered from years of critical neglect. Yet his centrality to Victorian society and culture all but ensured a revival of interest. While literary critics are now rediscovering the more than forty works of fiction that he penned or co-wrote, as part of a more general revaluation of Victorian popular literature, legal scholars have argued that Besant, by advocating for copyright reform, played a crucial role in consolidating a notion of literary property as the exclusive possession of the individuated intellect. For their part, historians have recently shown how Besant – as a prominent philanthropist who campaigned for the cultural vitalization of impoverished areas in east and south London – galvanized late Victorian social reform activities. The expanding corpus of work on Besant, however, has largely kept the domains of authorship and activism, which he perceived as interrelated, conceptually distinct. Analysing the mutually constitutive interplay in Besant’s career between philanthropy and the professionalization of authorship, Walter Besant: The Business of Literature and the Pleasures of Reform highlights their fundamental interconnectedness in this Victorian intellectual polymath’s life and work.