The Adelantado Juan Velez de Guevara and the Colonisation of the Chocó, 1638–1643
The Adelantado Juan Velez de Guevara and the Colonisation of the Chocó, 1638–1643
Following the discovery of the New World, the Spanish Crown concentrated on sanctioning privately financed expeditions and laying down the conditions with which the conquest and settlement of unexplored regions were to take place. These conditions were detailed in a contract, or licence, known as the capitulación, which was intended to stimulate the exploration and occupation of vast new territories and sought to ensure that the Crown would have possession of the newly conquered and settled areas. Philip II's promulgation of the Ordenanzas para Descubrimientos (Ordinances for New Discoveries) on July 13, 1573 paved the way for the so-called ‘golden age’ of the frontier mission in Spanish America. This chapter examines Juan Velez de Guevara's colonisation of the Chocó in 1638–1643 and why he waged war on the Indians, along with the failure of the expeditions of 1638–1640 to bring about the pacification and settlement of the Chocó frontier. It first looks at the entradas before turning to Spanish–Indian interactions in the 1620s and 1630s and Martín Bueno de Sancho's 1638 expedition.
Keywords: Spanish America, capitulación, Juan de Guevara, colonisation, Chocó, entradas, Indians, Martín de Sancho, expeditions, exploration
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