Andrew Summers Rowan in Bayamo (1898)
Andrew Summers Rowan in Bayamo (1898)
This chapter discusses the true story of Andrew Summers Rowan. It explores one of the most remarkable stories of 1898, the visit to Oriente made by a US agent carrying a message to the insurgent leader, Calixto García. García succeeded in a number of wars and had captured the towns of Las Tunas, Guisa, and, most significantly, Bayamo. ‘A Message to García’ by Elbert Hubbard states the story of Lieutenant Andrew Summers Rowan, who had been told to take a message to García just before the USA announced war on Spain. The progress of Rowan from Kingston, Jamaica, to Bayamo, Cuba, where he finally met García, was entirely passive. The full story of Rowan's exploit suggests that the Jamaica-Cuba axis was crucially significant to the wars of independence.
Keywords: Andrew Summers Rowan, Calixto García, Bayamo, A Message to García, Elbert Hubbard, USA, Spain, Jamaica, Cuba
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